Ir-catalyzed proximal and distal C-H borylation of arenes

Over the past two decades, the C-H bond activation and functionalization reaction has been known as a prevailing method for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds using various transition metal catalysts. In this context, the iridium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and borylation reaction is one of the most valued methods. However, the major challenge in these borylation reactions is how to control the proximal (ortho) and distal (meta and para) selectivity. Interestingly, while so many approaches are now available for the proximal ortho selective borylation of arenes, borylation at the distal meta and or para position of arenes remains still challenging. Only a few approaches have been reported so far in the literature employing iridium catalysis. In this feature article, we have demonstrated some of the recent discoveries from our laboratories for the proximal (ortho) and distal (meta and para) selective borylation reactions. Moreover, some of the recent catalyst engineering discoveries for the selective proximal ortho borylation reactions for a diverse class of substrates have also been discussed. The discussion part of several other pioneering reports is limited due to the lack of scope of this feature article.

Automated summary

Over the past two decades, C-H bond activation and functionalization reaction has been widely used for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Among them, iridium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and borylation reaction stands out. However, achieving distal (meta and para) selectivity in borylation reactions remains a challenge, with limited reports employing iridium catalysis for this purpose. Recent discoveries in catalyst engineering have shown promising results in selective borylation at proximal (ortho) positions for various substrates.