Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnancies Affected by Maternal Cardiovascular Disease

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, profile, and maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies affected by maternal cardiovascular disease. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective data collection from the database of pregnancies in which the mother had cardiovascular disease. Maternal age, parity, gestational age at delivery, type of cardiovascular disease, subsequent contraceptive method, mode of delivery, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, maternal death, APGAR scores, presence of acidosis, neonatal ICU (NICU) admission, and perinatal death were investigated. Medical records with incomplete variables were excluded. We obtained 70 cases of pregnant women with cardiovascular disease from 2014 to 2018 who were admitted to Cipto Mangunku-sumo National Hospital. RESULTS: Out of 70 cases, 60% were acquired heart disease, while 40% were congenital heart disease. It was found that 74.3% of the pregnancies had preterm birth, and the cesarean section rate was 72.9%. While the ICU admission rate was 52.9%, the maternal mortality rate remained at 7.1%. We found that 11.4% of neonates suffered asphyxia, with a 5.0% rate of NICU admissions. CONCLUSION: This study shows that preterm delivery might be indicated in pregnancies affected by maternal cardiovascular disease to prevent maternal mortality at the expense of neonatal outcomes.

Automated summary

The study revealed a high rate of preterm birth and cesarean section in pregnancies affected by maternal cardiovascular disease, with a high ICU admission rate. Additionally, the maternal mortality rate was 7.1% and the neonatal asphyxia rate was 11.4%.