Journal
GREEN CHEMISTRY
Volume 23, Issue 24, Pages 10090-10100Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d1gc03350f
Keywords
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Funding
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001004]
- Delaware Environmental Institute Fellows Program from the University of Delaware
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This study introduces a strategy to synthesize branched benzene lubricant (BBL) and branched cyclic lubricant (BCL) base oils from lignin-derived monomers and aldehyde, providing a sustainable pathway for replacing petroleum-derived base oils. The base oils produced show comparable properties to commercial petroleum-derived poly alpha-olefin Group IV and refrigerant base oils in terms of kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, and Noack volatility.
Despite progress in the depolymerization of lignin, only a few studies convert the obtained monomers to value-added products. Here we introduce a strategy to synthesize branched benzene lubricant (BBL) and branched cyclic lubricant (BCL) base oils from lignin-derived monomers and aldehyde. We perform carbon-carbon coupling via Bronsted acid-catalyzed hydroxyalkylation/alkylation (HAA) then hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Optimum HAA reaction conditions achieve up to 90% guaiacol conversion and an HAA product containing 76% BBL and 24% enal condensation product over a P-SiO2 catalyst. Subsequent HDO of HAA products over an Ir-ReOx/SiO2 catalyst produces a lubricant-ranged mixture of BCL (C-24) up to yield (82%) and small fractions of dodecyl cyclohexane and C-10 and C-15 carbons alkanes. The kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, and Noack volatility of these base oils are comparable to commercial petroleum-derived poly alpha-olefin Group IV and refrigerant base oils. This approach provides a sustainable pathway for replacing petroleum-derived base oils.
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