Journal
IEEE ACCESS
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages 161431-161444Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3115805
Keywords
Drones; Adaptation models; Computational modeling; Optimization; Radar cross-sections; Mathematical models; Logic gates; Convolutional neural network; drone detection; micro doppler signature (MDS); unmanned aerial vehicle; UAV; radar cross-section; millimeter-wave
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Basic Science Research Program, through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [NRF-2016R1D1A1B01011908]
- Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, South Korea [20210650]
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This paper introduces a drone classification method based on LSTM and ALRO models, which achieves better drone detection accuracy by reducing computational overhead and using adaptive learning rates.
This paper presents drone classification at millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars using the deep learning (DL) technique. The adoption mmWave technology in radar systems enables better resolution and aid in detecting smaller drones. Using radar cross-section (RCS) signature enables us to detect malicious drones and suitable action can be taken by respective authorities. Existing drone classification converts the RCS signature into images and then performs drone classification using a convolution neural network (CNN). Converting every signature into an image induces additional computation overhead; further CNN model is trained considering fixed learning rate. Thus, when using CNN-based drone classification under a highly dynamic environment exhibit poor classification accuracy. This paper present an improved long short-term memory (LSTM) by introducing a weight optimization model that can reduce computation overhead by not allowing the gradient to not flow through hidden states of the LSTM model. Further, present adaptive learning rate optimizing (ALRO) model for training the LSTM model. Experiment outcome shows LSTM-ALRO achieves much better drone detection accuracies of 99.88% when compared with the existing CNN-based drone classification model.
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