Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 25, Issue 35, Pages 34903-34911Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0944-8
Keywords
CO2 reduction; Photocatalysis; Cu/TiO2; CH4
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Funding
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany [033RC003]
- International Postdoc Initiative (IPODI) of the European Union
- EU [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/19.0388]
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The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O was investigated using Cu/TiO2 photocatalysts in aqueous solution. For this purpose, Cu/TiO2 photocatalysts (with 0.2, 0.9, 2, 4, and 6 wt.% of Cu) have been synthesized via sol-gel method. The photocatalysts were extensively characterized by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), N-2 physisorption (BET), XRD, UV-vis DRS, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, TEM-EDX, and photoelectrochemical measurements. The as-prepared photocatalysts contain anatase as a major crystalline phase with a crystallite size around 13 nm. By increasing the amount of Cu, specific surface area and band gap energy decreased in addition to the formation of large agglomeration of CuO. Results revealed that the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 decreased in the presence of Cu/TiO2 in comparison to pure TiO2, which might be associated to the formation of CuO phase acting as a recombination center of generated electron-hole pair. Decreasing of photoactivity can also be connected with a very low position of conduction band of photocatalysts with high Cu content, which makes H-2 production necessary for CO2 reduction more difficult.
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