Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 24, Issue 22, Pages 18096-18105Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9383-9
Keywords
Acute toxicity; Anti-oxidant enzymes; Comet assay; Eisenia fetida; Malondialdehyde; Polychlorinated biphenyls
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation [41371469]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [KYZ201626]
- Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201503121-01]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M591856]
- Anhui Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015B057]
- Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province [1604a0702006]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of man-made organic compounds ubiquitously present in the biosphere. In this study, we evaluated the toxic effects of different concentrations of PCBs in two natural soils (i.e. red soil and fluvo-aquic soil) on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The parameters investigated included anti-oxidative response, genotoxic potential, weight variation and biochemical responses of the earthworm exposed to two different types of soils spiked with PCBs after 7 or 14 days of exposure. Earthworms had significantly lower weights in both soils after PCB exposure. PCBs significantly increased catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity in earthworms exposed to either soil type for 7 or 14 days and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in earthworms exposed to red soil for 14 days. Of the enzymes examined, SOD activity was the most sensitive to PCB stress. In addition, PCB exposure triggered dose-dependent coelomocyte DNA damage, even at the lowest concentration tested. This response was relatively stable between different soils. Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the weight variation, anti-oxidant enzyme activities, and MDA contents were significantly correlated with exposure concentration or exposure duration (P < 0.01). Furthermore, weight variation, CAT activity, and SOD activity were significantly affected by soil type (P < 0.01). Therefore, the soil type and exposure time influence the toxic effects of PCBs, and these factors should be considered when selecting responsive biomarkers.
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