Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 18, Pages 10284-10298Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02011
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Funding
- Georgia Water Resource Institute
- National Science Foundation [1559087, 1605692, 1739884]
- China Scholarship Council
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1739884, 1605692] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1559124] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Ocean Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1559087] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for all organisms, thus playing unique and critical roles at the food energy water nexus. Most P utilized by human activities eventually converges into various solid biowastes, such as crop biomass, animal manures, and sewage sludges. Therefore, integration of efficient P recovery practices into solid biowaste management will not only significantly reduce the dependence on limited geological P resources but also reduce P runoff and related water contamination issues associated with traditional waste management strategies. This study reviews the applications of (hydro)thermal techniques for the treatment of solid biowastes, which can gretly facilitate P recovery in addition to waste volume reduction, decontamination, and energy recovery. Research showed that P speciation (including molecular moiety, complexation state, and mineralogy) can experience significant changes during (hydro)thermal treatments, and are impacted by treatment techniques and conditions. Changes in P speciation and overall properties of the products can alter, the mobility and bioavailability of P, and subsequent P reclamation and recycling efficiency of the treatment products. This review summarizes recent progresses in this direction, identifies the challenges and knowledge gaps, and provides a foundation for future research efforts targeting at sustainable management of nutrient-rich biowastes.
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