Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 22, Pages 13363-13371Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04164
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0203104]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [5171101153/21707067/51378249]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20160648]
- Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China [2016M591828]
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The presence of natural organic matter (NOM) exerts adverse effects on adsorptive removal of various pollutants including fluoride from water. Herein, we designed a novel nanocomposite adsorbent for preferable and sustainable defluoridation from NOM-rich water. The nanocomposite (HZO@HCA) is obtained by encapsulating hydrous zirconium oxide nanoparticles (HZO NPs) inside hyper-cross-linked polystyrene anion exchanger (HCA) binding tertiary amine groups. Another commercially 0 available nanocomposite HZO@D201, with the host of a cross linked polystyrene anion exchanger (D201) binding ammonium groups, was involved for comparison. HZO@HCA features with abundant micropores instead of meso-/macropores of HZO@D201, resulting in the inaccessible sites for NOM due to the size exclusion. Also, the tertiary amine groups of HCA favor an efficient desorption of the slightly loaded NOM from HZO@HCA. As expected, Sigma-Aldrich humic acid even at 20 mg of DOC/L did not exert any observable effect on fluoride sequestration by HZO@HCA, whereas a significant inhibition was observed for HZO@D201. Cyclic adsorption runs further verified the superior reusability of HZO@HCA for defluoridation from NOM-rich water. In addition, the HZO@HCA column could generate similar to 80 bed volume (By) effluent from a synthetic fluoride-containing groundwater to meet the drinking water standard (<1.5 mg F/L), whereas HCA and HZO@D201 columns could only generate <5 and similar to 40 BV effluents, respectively. This study is believed to shed new light on how to rationally design antifouling nanocomposites for water remediation.
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