Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 3, Pages 1102-1109Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03652
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [EFRI-1441131]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [A14OAR4310249]
- Carnegie Mellon College of Engineering
- Steinbrenner Institute for Environmental Education and Research
- Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Divn Of Social and Economic Sciences [1463492] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) may be a key technology for achieving large CO, emission reductions. Relative to normal CCS, flexible CCS retrofits include solvent storage that allows the generator to temporarily reduce the CCS parasitic load and increase the generator's net efficiency, capacity, and ramp rate. Due to this flexibility, flexible CCS generators provide system benefits that normal CCS generators do not, which could make flexible CCS an economic CO, emission reduction strategy. Here, we estimate the system-level cost effectiveness of reducing CO, emissions with flexible CCS compared to redispatching (i.e., substituting gas-for coal-fired electricity generation), wind, and normal CCS under the Clean Power Plan (CPP) and a hypothetical more stringent CO, emission reduction target (stronger CPP). Using a unit commitment and economic dispatch model, we find flexible CCS achieves more cost-effective emission reductions than normal CCS under both reduction targets, indicating that policies that promote CCS should encourage flexible CCS. However, flexible CCS is less cost effective than wind under both reduction targets and less and more cost effective than redispatching under the CPP and stronger CPP, respectively. Thus, CCS will likely be a minor CPP compliance strategy but may play a larger role under a stronger emission reduction target.
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