Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 12, Pages 6699-6708Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06135
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0800501]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41671464, 41425007, 41371303]
- 111 Project [B14001]
- U.S. National Science Foundation Dimensions of Biodiversity project [1240851]
- Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) [2014zx07101-011]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1240851] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) depcisition has significantly influenced aquatic ecosystems, especially with regard to their N budgets and phytoplankton growth potentials. Compared to a considerable number of studies on oligotrophic lakes and oceanic waters, little evidence for the importance of N deposition has been generated for eutrophic lakes, even though emphasis has been placed on reducing external N inputs to control eutrophication in these lakes. Our high-resolution observations of atmospheric depositions and riverine inputs of biologically reactive N species into eutrophic Lake Dianchi (the sixth largest freshwater lake in China) shed new light onto the contribution of N deposition to total N loads. Annual N deposition accounted for 15.7% to 16.6% of total N loads under variable precipitation conditions, 2-fold higher than previous estimates (7.6%) for the Lake Dianchi. The proportion of N deposition to total N loads further increased to 27-48% in May and June when toxic blooms of the ubiquitous non-N-2 fixing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. are initiated and proliferate. Our observations reveal that reduced N (59%) contributes a greater amount than oxidized N to total N deposition, reaching 56-83% from late spring to summer. Progress toward mitigating eutrophication in Lake Dianchi and other bloom-impacted eutrophic lakes will be difficult without reductions in ammonia emissions and subsequent N deposition.
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