Review of Reduced-Order Models for Homogeneous CO2 Nucleation in Supersonic and Hypersonic Expansion Flows

Several classical and non-classical reduced-order nucleation rate models are presented and compared to experimental values for the homogeneous nucleation rate of CO2 in supersonic nozzles. The most accurate models are identified and are used in simulations of a condensing supersonic expansion flow. Experimental results for the condensation onset point of CO2 in a variety of expansion facilities are presented and compared to simulations and to new data acquired at the SBR-50 facility at the University of Notre Dame.

Automated summary

Various reduced-order nucleation rate models, both classical and non-classical, are compared to experimental values for CO2 homogeneous nucleation rate in supersonic nozzles. The most accurate models are utilized in simulations of condensing supersonic expansion flows, and experimental results for CO2 condensation onset points are compared to simulations and new data from the SBR-50 facility at the University of Notre Dame.