Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
Volume 93, Issue -, Pages 366-380Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.03.034
Keywords
End-use; Household scale; Income; Seasonal variability; System dynamics modelling; Water-energy-food nexus
Categories
Funding
- Human Capacity Development Program in Higher Education (HCED) in Kurdistan, Iraq
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To achieve a sustainable supply and effectively manage water, energy and food (WEF) demand, interactions between WEF need to be understood. This study developed an integrated model, capturing the interactions between WEF at end-use level at a household scale. The model is based on a survey of 419 households conducted to investigate WEF over winter and summer for the city of Duhok, Iraq. A bottom up approach was used to develop this system dynamics-based model. The model estimates WEF demand and the generated organic waste and wastewater quantities. It also investigates the impact of change in user behaviour, diet, income, family size and climate. The simulation results show a good agreement with the historical data. Using the model, the impact of Global Scenario Group (GSG) scenarios was investigated. The results suggest that the 'fortress world' scenario (an authoritarian response to the threat of breakdown) had the highest impact on WEF. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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