Journal
AIMS BIOPHYSICS
Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 337-345Publisher
AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS
DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2021027
Keywords
gold nanoparticles; radiotherapy; radiation dosimetry; particle interaction; Monte Carlo simulation
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The study compared the dose enhancement predicted by the newly developed particle method and the gold-water mixture method in Monte Carlo simulation for kilovoltage gold nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy. Results showed that both methods yielded similar dose enhancement ratios within the uncertainty range for nanoparticle concentrations ranging from 3-40 mg/mL.
Purpose: This study compared the dose enhancement predicted in kilovoltage gold nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy using the newly developed EGS lattice and the typical gold-water mixture method in Monte Carlo simulation. This new method considered the gold nanoparticle-added volume consisting of solid nanoparticles instead of a gold-water mixture. In addition, this particle method is more realistic in simulation. Methods: A heterogeneous phantom containing bone and water was irradiated by the 105 and 220 kVp x-ray beams. Gold nanoparticles were added to the tumour volume with concentration varying from 3-40 mg/mL in the phantom. The dose enhancement ratio (DER), defined as the ratio of dose at the tumour with and without adding gold nanoparticles, was calculated by the gold-water mixture and particle method using Monte Carlo simulation for comparison. Results: It is found that the DER was 1.44-4.71 (105 kVp) and 1.27-2.43 (220 kVp) for the gold nanoparticle concentration range of 3-40 mg/mL, when they were calculated by the gold-water mixture method. The DER was slightly larger and equal to 1.47-4.84 (105 kVp) and 1.29-2.5 (220 kVp) for the same concentration range, when the particle method was used. Moreover, the DER predicted by both methods increased with an increase of nanoparticle concentration, and a decrease of x-ray beam energy. Conclusion: The deviation of DER determined by the particle and gold-water mixture method was insignificant when considering the uncertainty in the calculation of DER (2%) in the nanoparticle concentration range of 3-40 mg/mL. It is therefore concluded that the gold-water mixture method could predict the dose enhancement as accurate as the newly developed particle method.
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