Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 9, Pages 3475-3486Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13829
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Funding
- NSF Geobiology and Low Temperature Geochemistry grant [0922243]
- NSF Chemical Oceanography grant [1234704]
- NASA Exobiology Grant [NNX14AJ87G]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1234704] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [0922243] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NASA [NNX14AJ87G, 680757] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Soluble manganese in the intermediate +III oxidation state (Mn3+) is a newly identified oxidant in anoxic environments, whereas acetate is a naturally abundant substrate that fuels microbial activity. Microbial populations coupling anaerobic acetate oxidation to Mn3+ reduction, however, have yet to be identified. We isolated a Shewanella strain capable of oxidizing acetate anaerobically with Mn3+ as the electron acceptor, and confirmed this phenotype in other strains. This metabolic connection between acetate and soluble Mn3+ represents a new biogeochemical link between carbon and manganese cycles. Genomic analyses uncovered four distinct genes that allow for pathway variations in the complete dehydrogenase-driven TCA cycle that could support anaerobic acetate oxidation coupled to metal reduction in Shewanella and other Gammaproteobacteria. An oxygen-tolerant TCA cycle supporting anaerobic manganese reduction is thus a new connection in the manganese-driven carbon cycle, and a new variable for models that use manganese as a proxy to infer oxygenation events on early Earth.
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