Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 6, Pages 2228-2245Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13706
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Funding
- MIT Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Department of Energy [DE-SC0012555]
- NIH/NIGMS Interdepartmental Biotechnology Training Program [GMS T32GM008334]
- National Research Foundation of Singapore through the Singapore MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM)
- MIT Center for Environmental Health Science Biomicrocenter, NIEHS [P30-ES002109]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0012555] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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Microorganisms catalyze carbon cycling and biogeochemical reactions in the deep subsurface and thus may be expected to influence the fate of injected supercritical (sc) CO2 following geological carbon sequestration (GCS). We hypothesized that natural subsurface scCO(2) reservoirs, which serve as analogs for the long-term fate of sequestered scCO(2), harbor a 'deep carbonated biosphere' with carbon cycling potential. We sampled subsurface fluids from scCO(2)-water separators at a natural scCO(2) reservoir at McElmo Dome, Colorado for analysis of 16S rRNA gene diversity and metagenome content. Sequence annotations indicated dominance of Sulfurospirillum, Rhizobium, Desulfovibrio and four members of the Clostridiales family. Genomes extracted from metagenomes using homology and compositional approaches revealed diverse mechanisms for growth and nutrient cycling, including pathways for CO2 and N-2 fixation, anaerobic respiration, sulfur oxidation, fermentation and potential for metabolic syntrophy. Differences in biogeochemical potential between two production well communities were consistent with differences in fluid chemical profiles, suggesting a potential link between microbial activity and geochemistry. The existence of a microbial ecosystem associated with the McElmo Dome scCO(2) reservoir indicates that potential impacts of the deep biosphere on CO2 fate and transport should be taken into consideration as a component of GCS planning and modelling.
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