Journal
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 2183-2193Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1999779
Keywords
African swine fever virus; genotype I; virulence; pig; China
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1200601, 2019YFE0107300]
- Applied Technology Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province [GA19B301]
- Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province [2019B020211004]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31941002]
- National Science and Technology Major Project [2018ZX10734401-018-002]
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Program [SKLVBP202101]
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Recently, genotype I ASFVs have emerged in China, with SD/DY-I/21 showing low virulence, high transmissibility, mild infection onset, and chronic disease in pigs, along with causing necrotic skin lesions and joint swelling. The emergence of genotype I ASFVs presents more challenges for the control and prevention of African swine fever in China.
The Georgia-07-like genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) with high virulence has been prevalent in China since 2018. Here, we report that genotype I ASFVs have now also emerged in China. Two non-haemadsorbing genotype I ASFVs, HeN/ZZ-P1/21 and SD/DY-I/21, were isolated from pig farms in Henan and Shandong province, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome sequences suggested that both isolates share high similarity with NH/P68 and OURT88/3, two genotype I ASFVs isolated in Portugal in the last century. Animal challenge testing revealed that SD/DY-I/21 shows low virulence and efficient transmissibility in pigs, and causes mild onset of infection and chronic disease. SD/DY-I/21 was found to cause necrotic skin lesions and joint swelling. The emergence of genotype I ASFVs will present more problems and challenges for the control and prevention of African swine fever in China.
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