Journal
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
Volume 134, Issue -, Pages 340-346Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.052
Keywords
Human feces; Hydrothermal liquefaction; Biocrude oil; Metal distribution
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1562107]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0501402]
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [RITC-C-R2-01-001]
- Beijing Youth Top-notch Talents Program [2015000026833ZK10]
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Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermochemical process specifically suitable for treating wet wastes. This study investigated its, potential for the production of biocrude oil and the recovery of nutrients and metals from human feces via HTL. Specifically, the effects of temperature (260 degrees C, 300 degrees C, 340 degrees C), retention time (10 min, 30 min, 50 min) and total solid (TS) content (5%, 15%, 25%) were studied. The maximum liquefied fraction was 87.89% and the highest biocrude yield reached 34.44% with a higher heating value of 40.29 MJ/kg. Experimental results showed that 54% of carbon in the human feces was migrated to the biocrude oil while 72% of nitrogen was released to the aqueous phase. In addition, most of heavy and alkaline-earth metal elements in the human feces, including Ca (89%), Mg (81%), Al (88%), Fe (72%) and Zn (94%) were distributed in the solid residue, whereas K (89%) and Na (73%) were mainly dissolved into the aqueous phase. This study demonstrated that the efficient degradation of human waste via HTL without any pretreatment and its potential for the valorization in biocrude oil as well as separated nutrients and metals. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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