Journal
ENERGY & FUELS
Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 1126-1135Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02167
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41172113]
- National Science and Technology Major Project [2011ZX05008-002-12]
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry [GIGCAS 135 project Y234021001]
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Simulations of aerobic biodegradation have been widely employed to investigate the mechanisms of crude oil biodegradation in geological environments. In this study, a simulated biodegradation experiment was performed with crude oil under aerobic conditions, in which n-alkanes were nearly depleted, thus providing an opportunity to study the biodegradation mechanisms of n-alkanes in crude oils. The sequences of biodegraded oils with a slight to moderate degree of biodegradation were characterized by negative-ion electrospray (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and gas chromatography (GC). Semiquantitative results on the molecular compositions of heteroatom classes were obtained by coinjection of internal standards. The biodegradation mechanisms for n-alkanes and n-fatty acids, as well as some other heteroatomic compounds, are discussed, Evidence from FT-ICR MS and GC analyses of biodegraded oils indicates that n-alkanes can be progressively biodegraded to n-fatty acids through beta-oxidation, or to hydroxycarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids though omega-oxidation. The O-3 class species which have a high relative abundance in the carbon number range of C-33-C-38 with a Double Bond Equivalent (DBE) of 1-3 were assigned and speculated to be bacterial metabolites, which could be a conspicuous indicator of bacterial activity. Neutral nitrogen compounds, such as carbazoles, exhibited a very slight decrease in the stage of biodegradation that was investigated.
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