Journal
ENERGY
Volume 128, Issue -, Pages 414-420Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.046
Keywords
Gas hydrates; Growth rate; Kinetics; Tetrabutylammonium bromide; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [206269]
- les Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et technologies (FRQNT)
- McGill Engineering Doctoral Award (MEDA)
- Department of Chemical Engineering of McGill University
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The effects of oxygen-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB)-water-carbon dioxide semi-clathrate system was investigated. A system comprised of 9.5 ppmw MWCNTs and 40 wt % TBAB was chosen and the average gas consumption rate was calculated for different conditions. At 14 degrees C, the average gas consumption rate during growth decreased to a plateau with increasing induction time at 3.0 degrees C subcooling for systems with and without MWCNTs. The addition of MWCNTs increased the gas consumption rate during growth for induction times less than one hour but did not affect it at longer induction times. The maximum gas consumption enhancement from the added MWCNTs was 15%. Dissolution runs at equilibrium conditions indicated that the presence of MWCNTs improved the dissolution rate of carbon dioxide gas into the liquid by lowering the time constant tau by 5%. This suggests that the gas-liquid interfacial resistance of carbon dioxide gas mass transfer is not the limiting factor for hydrate growth in this TBAB semi-clathrate system with and without nanoparticles. At a lower subcooling of 1.5 degrees C, there was no significant difference in the gas consumption rates with the addition of MWCNTs, due to prolonged induction times. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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