Journal
2021 IEEE 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRUST, SECURITY AND PRIVACY IN COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS (TRUSTCOM 2021)
Volume -, Issue -, Pages 1093-1099Publisher
IEEE COMPUTER SOC
DOI: 10.1109/TrustCom53373.2021.00149
Keywords
Merkle Tree; Blockchain; Energy
Categories
Funding
- NSF [1932300]
- Cyber Florida [220408]
- Division Of Computer and Network Systems
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [1932300] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Blockchain-powered smart systems deployed in industrial applications promise increased efficiency and improved yields, while reducing significant cybersecurity risks associated with the main application. However, tradeoffs between availability and security arise during implementation, triggered by additional resources required by each blockchain-enabled host.
Blockchain-powered smart systems deployed in different industrial applications promise operational efficiencies and improved yields, while mitigating significant cybersecurity risks pertaining to the main application. Associated tradeoffs between availability and security arise at implementation, however, triggered by the additional resources (e.g., memory, computation) required by each blockchain-enabled host. This paper applies an energy-reducing algorithmic engineering technique for Merkle Tree root calculations, a principal element of blockchain computations, as a means to preserve the promised security benefits but with less compromise to system availability. Using pyRAPL, a python library to measure computational energy, we experiment with both the standard and energy-reduced implementations of the Merkle Tree for different input sizes (in bytes). Our results show up to 98% reduction in energy consumption is possible within the blockchain's Merkle Tree construction module, such reductions typically increasing with larger input sizes. The proposed energy-reducing technique is similarly applicable to other key elements of blockchain computations, potentially affording even greener blockchain-powered systems than implied by only the Merkle Tree results obtained thus far.
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