Research trends in language MOOC studies: a systematic review of the published literature (2012-2018)

This study aims to explore the current published research on Language Massive Open Online Courses (LMOOCs), outlining the types of papers, countries where studies were performed and institutions devoted to this field. Also, it intends to classify the reviewed literature following a general categorisation of MOOCs , and to identify the main trends and topics of interest for LMOOC researchers. Results show that there is still a lack of LMOOC-related articles in CALL (computer assisted language learning) journals, since most of the publications in the period reviewed (2012-18) are conference papers. The country in which most studies have been done so far is Spain and Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia (UNED) is currently the most active institution in this area. Within the taxonomy established, the most popular categories of studies focused on LMOOC participants or providers and case studies. Systematic review of the published literature indicated that research trends in LMOOCs studies comprise: 1) conceptualisation of LMOOCs and their distinctive features; 2) attempts to find the most suitable model for language teaching and learning beyond the xMOOC/cMOOC dichotomy; 3) suitability of LMOOCs for languages for specific purposes (LSP) courses; 4) focus on the learners and their motivation and experience throughout the course; 5) reflection on the new role of the teacher; 6) instructional design and how it affects participants' learning and possible attrition; and 7) importance of social learning in LMOOCs. Nevertheless, LMOOCs is still an emerging field in need of further serious studies.

Automated summary

This study explores the current state of research on Language Massive Open Online Courses (LMOOCs), including the types of papers, countries of study, and institutions involved. The research finds a lack of LMOOC-related articles in CALL journals, with most publications being conference papers. Spain is the country with the most studies, and Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia (UNED) is the most active institution in this field. The main trends in LMOOC research include conceptualization, suitable models for language teaching, specific language courses, learner motivation and experience, teacher role, instructional design, and social learning.