Young children's emotional stress reactions during the COVID-19 outbreak and their associations with parental emotion regulation and parental playfulness

Children's emotional adjustment during stressogenic events is highly dependent on their parents' emotional state. The present study explored young children's emotional adjustment during the COVID19 outbreak as it relates to their exposure to stress, and their parents' emotion regulation and playfulness. A sample of 351 Israeli parents of children aged 2-7 years completed online questionnaires. The most frequent stress symptoms in children were nervousness, agitation, and aggression, separation fears and clinging. Parental difficulties in emotion regulation, and the level of exposure to stressogenic situations were both significantly associated with children's stress reactions. Parental emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between exposure to stress and children's stress reactions. Parental playfulness was only inversely related to children's stress reaction in fathers. These findings underscore the importance of parental emotion skills for children's emotional adjustment during stressful times.

Automated summary

Children's emotional adjustment during stressogenic events is highly influenced by their parents' emotional state. This study examined the relationship between young children's emotional adjustment during the COVID19 outbreak and their exposure to stress, as well as their parents' emotion regulation and playfulness. The findings showed that children frequently experienced symptoms such as nervousness, agitation, aggression, separation fears, and clinging. Parental difficulties in emotion regulation and the level of stress exposure were significantly associated with children's stress reactions. Parental emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between stress exposure and children's stress reactions. Furthermore, fathers' playfulness was found to have an inverse relationship with children's stress reactions. These findings highlight the importance of parental emotion skills for children's emotional adjustment during stressful times.