Journal
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 767-778Publisher
SPRINGER INT PUBL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01015-6
Keywords
HIV; Cohort study; Patient recruitment; Ethnic and racial minorities; Informed consent
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1R24 AI152598-01]
- NIH [P30 AI117970]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- National Cancer Institute
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Institute of Mental Health
- National Institute on Aging
- Fogarty International Center
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Office of AIDS Research
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Recruiting racial and ethnic minority persons living with HIV is crucial for inclusive research, requiring tailored strategies for different groups. Clinics with comprehensive services had higher consent rates; effective recruitment strategies involved culturally sensitive approaches and building rapport with patients.
The process of recruiting racial and ethnic minority persons living with HIV (PLWH) is important for research studies to ensure inclusivity of underrepresented groups. To understand factors associated with recruitment of minority PLWH, this study examined the recruitment process of PLWH for an observational study of their routine medical care at 14 clinics in Washington, DC. Research assistant (RA) recruiters were interviewed to assess their consenting processes and strategies. Data were collected on clinic services, patient demographics, and recruitment logs of patient approaches for obtaining informed consent resulting in agreement or refusal. A median of 96% of eligible patients was approached to obtain consent, yielding a median consent rate of 78% across all sites. A total of 8438 patients consented and 1326 refused study participation. Clinical sites with more comprehensive services had higher consent rates. black/African American and Hispanic/Latinx PLWH consented or refused study participation in similar proportions, while significantly more white patients enrolled than refused. More men, compared with women, enrolled than refused study participation. The most frequent reasons for refusing study participation were the lack of interest in research (33.2%) and no specific reason provided (28%). RAs identified that effective recruitment strategies used culturally sensitive approaches, built rapport with patients, and obtained provider support for the study. Recruitment strategies that are gender sensitive to address the disparity of underrepresentation of women, address perceived barriers, and examine clinic-specific services are needed to maximize research participation for minority PLWH to improve prevention and health outcomes.
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