Cleaning mineral supply chains? Political economies of exploitation and hidden costs of technical fixes

This article examines hidden costs of three prominent mineral supply chain 'solutions' that respectively aim to create 'conflict-free' minerals, curtail corruption, and reduce mercury pollution. Our analysis underscores the heterogeneous ways in which global capitalism shapes regulatory injustices spanning multiple scales, illustrating how 'clean' mineral supply chain schemes can hide inequitable territorial and economic regimes of accumulation and labour exploitation resulting in social harms for artisanal and small-scale mining communities, negative environmental impacts, and the reproduction of extractive political economies dominated by large corporations. We argue for increased critical attention to how mineral supply chain schemes narrowly circumscribe spaces for pursuing counter-hegemonic 'transformation'.

Automated summary

This article examines the hidden costs of three prominent mineral supply chain solutions and highlights how global capitalism shapes regulatory injustices. The 'clean' mineral supply chain schemes can hide inequitable territorial and economic regimes of accumulation and labor exploitation, resulting in negative impacts on communities, the environment, and extractive political economies dominated by large corporations. There is a need for increased critical attention to how mineral supply chain schemes limit the potential for pursuing counter-hegemonic transformation.