Political realism as reformist conservatism

For realists, political theories exhibit an anti-moralist character when their normativity stems from an appraisal of the value and the specificities of real political practices. While realists agree on such a characterisation of the realist project, they split when it comes to explaining to what extent realist political normativity can provide us with a critical perspective on the status quo. The most recent contributions on this topic are polarised. Some contributors interpret political realism as an approach to politics that leads to an affirmation of the status quo. Others suggest that political realism might lead to radical transformations of the status quo. In this paper, I argue that it is possible to identify a consistent middle ground between these alternative interpretations: the interpretation of political realism as a form of reformist conservatism. Moreover, I defend the reformist-conservative interpretation of political realism as superior to the extant ones. Contrary to the rival interpretations, I show that the reformist-conservative interpretation consistently reconciles all the fundamental tenets of political realism. Furthermore, I explain that while the conservatist interpretation risks undermining the normative commitment of realism and the radical interpretation leans towards an irresponsible form of political theorising, the reformist-conservative reading avoids these pitfalls.

Automated summary

Political realism can be interpreted as a form of reformist conservatism, which offers a middle ground between affirming the status quo and advocating radical transformations. This interpretation consistently reconciles the fundamental tenets of political realism and avoids the pitfalls of both conservative and radical interpretations.