Mineral Composition, in vitro Inhibitory Effects of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, β-Galactosidase Enzymes and Antibacterial Activity of Ajuga Iva Subsp. Pseudoiva (DC.) Bric.

In this study, we investigated the mineral composition, in vitro antidiabetic activity and antibacterial potential of the aerial part of Ajuga Iva. The mineral content of the plant powder seas quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Then. three aqueous extracts were prepared: decocted. infused and macerated and five organic: methanolic. ethyl acetate. chloroformic and petroleum ether obtained by Soxhlet. and methanolic macerated extract. The in vitro hypoglycemic effect of the extracts seas evaluated on alpha-amylase alpha-glucosidase. and beta-galactosidase. then the antibacterial activity seas studied by the disk diffusion method. the minimum inhibitors'concentrations (MICs) and bactericidal concentrations (ABC's) against six pathogenic bacteria. and finally_ the correlation between the chemical composition and the inhibitory activities of different extracts on three enzymes was evaluated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results obtained resealed that iron (112.00 mg/l) is the main mineral element_ followed by potassium (44.071 mg/l) and sodium (16.572 mg/l). The results of in vitro antidiabetic activity showed that ethyl acetate extract presented the highest inhibitory activities against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase with IC50 equal to 1475.67 +/- 04.21 mu g/ml and 140.50 +/- 32.25 mu g/ml respectively while methanolic macerated extract showed high inhibitory activity against beta-galactosidase. The results of the PCA analysis showed that the in vitro antidiabetic activity shows a linear relationship with the content of polyphenols. flavonoids. and tannins in Ajuva iva extracts. The study of the antibacterial effect showed that the five organic extracts have an inhibitors' effect towards the microorganisms tested with zones of inhibition vary between 7 and 14 mm except for Staphylococcus aureus that presented resistance to the five extracts. Furthermore, the MICs obtained range from 1.56 to 50 mg/ml. and the MBCs San from 50 to 200 mg/ml. These results indicate that polar organic extracts of Ajuga iva have significant antidiabetic and antibacterial activities.

Automated summary

This study investigated the mineral composition, in vitro antidiabetic activity, and antibacterial potential of Ajuga Iva. The results showed that the polar organic extracts of Ajuga Iva have significant antidiabetic and antibacterial activities.