Modelling approaches for designing and evaluating the performance of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) systems for fresh produce: A review

Fresh and minimally processed produce continue physiological and metabolic processes after harvest, hence, they are susceptible to quality deterioration and reduced shelf life. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is well-proven postharvest technology for preserving natural quality of fresh and minimally processed produce, and extending the storage life under optimum MAP design and storage conditions. Successful MAP design is achieved by the mathematical integration of dynamic produce physiological characteristics, properties of packaging material, coupled with optimum equilibrium atmospheric conditions for the given product. This review examines the various mathematical approaches to the design of modified atmosphere system for handling and storage of fruit and vegetables, including the interaction between fresh produce physiological process, packaging and environmental conditions, which in turn influence produce shelf life and quality. Different mathematical modelling approaches are presented, factors affecting modelling performance are discussed and examples of model applications are highlighted to demonstrate relevance to specific types of produce. Future prospects for modelling MAP are highlighted, including the importance of an integrated modelling approach for improved understanding of package performance for fresh and minimally processed produce under MAP. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.