Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 29, Issue 7, Pages 10112-10121Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13578-2
Keywords
Fluroquinolone; Enzymatic treatment; White-rot fungi; Wastewater; Syringaldehyde; Techno-economic calculation
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [355254]
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The study found that using crude enzymes produced by white-rot fungi combined with syringaldehyde can effectively degrade CIP in water, with better results compared to using pure enzymes.
Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used antibiotic, is frequently detected in the environment due to insufficient wastewater and water treatment. Hence, novel, green and cost-effective technologies are required to enhance the removal of these pollutants. The potency of crude enzymes, especially laccases, produced by white-rot fungi was tested to assess their effectiveness to degrade CIP from water. Crude laccase alone could not oxidize CIP. The addition of syringaldehyde, a redox mediator, resulted in a decrease in antibiotic concentration up to 68.09 +/- 0.12% in 24 h, which was the highest removal efficiency achieved with 0.15 mg/mL syringaldehyde and 2 mg/mL of crude laccase (0.1 U/ml). Crude laccase oxidation of CIP was inhibited after 6 h of treatment. To compare, a pure enzyme with the same activity as the crude one removed 86% of CIP in 24 h. No inhibitory effect during the treatment was observed. The estimation of antimicrobial efficiency revealed that after 6 h of treatment, the toxicity towards Escherichia coli decreased by 30%. The wastewater treatment by the crude laccase-mediated system was estimated to significantly reduce the cost of enzymatic treatment.
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