Emerging frontiers of Z-scheme photocatalyric systems

Z-scheme photocatalysts have recently received tremendous attention because of their strong light utilization and redox ability. This cutting-edge photocatalytic platform allows photocatalysts to convert light into chemical energy with high activity, selectivity, and stability. In this review, we highlight some of the recent key contributions in the field, including fundamental principles, advanced characterization methods, and a series of photocatalytic applications (e.g., water splitting, CO2 reduction, N-2 fixation, H2O2 production). Significant improvement strategies for Z-scheme photocatalysts are also discussed and summarized. With increasing achievements, Z-scheme photocatalytic systems (PSs) will make a historic breakthrough in activity, solar utilization, selectivity, and fabrication cost and move toward practical production in the near future.

Automated summary

This review highlights recent developments in Z-scheme photocatalysts, including fundamental principles, characterization methods, and applications. Significant improvement strategies are also discussed, and the future direction of this technology is predicted.