Journal
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100694
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Funding
- Center for Synthetic Control Across Lengthscales for Advancing Rechargeables (SCALAR), an Energy Frontier Research Center - United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0019381]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
- National Science Foundation through the UC Irvine Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [UCI MRSEC DMR-2011967]
- National Science Foundation [ECCS-1542148, UCSD MRSEC DMR-2011924]
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A thermodynamically driven grain boundary engineering method is used to improve alloy-type anodes by the spontaneous formation of 2D interfacial phases. The addition of 2.8 at% Bi-doped SnSb enhances cycling stability and rate capability, despite the larger size and higher density compared to the undoped SnSb reference sample. The formation of a nanoscale liquid-like interfacial phase and suppressed intergranular cracking contribute to the improved performance.
Alloy-type anodes can enable high specific capacity for Li-ion batteries, but the large volume change during cycling often causes fastcapacity fading. Here, we report a thermodynamically driven grain boundary engineering method to improve alloy-type anodes via the spontaneous formation of 2D interfacial phases (complexions). Notably, the 2.8 at% Bi-doped SnSb achieves improved cycling stability and rate capability, even though it is 99% dense and has a mean crystallite size 2.73 larger than the undoped SnSb reference sample. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy reveals Bi segregation at grain boundaries. Thermodynamic modeling further suggests the stabilization of a nanoscale liquid-like interfacial phase. Synchrotron transmission X-ray microscopy shows the suppressed intergranular cracking upon cycling with Bi addition. It suggests that the liquid-like interfacial phase serves as a stress relief mechanism for the high volumetric expansion anode via improved grain boundary sliding and Coble creep, akin to room-temperature superplasticity observed in Sn-Bi.
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