Relaxation at different length scales in models of many-body localization

We study dynamical correlation functions in the random-field Heisenberg chain, which probes the relaxation times at different length scales. First, we show that the relaxation time associated with the dynamical imbalance (examining the relaxation at the smallest length scale) decreases with disorder much faster than the one determined by the dc conductivity (probing the global response of the system). We argue that the observed dependence of relaxation on the length scale originates from local nonresonant regions. The latter have particularly long relaxation times or remain frozen, allowing for nonzero dc transport via higher-order processes. Based on the numerical evidence, we introduce a toy model that suggests that the nonresonant regions asymptotic dynamics are essential for the proper understanding of the disordered chains with many-body interactions.

Automated summary

This article investigates dynamical correlation functions in the random-field Heisenberg chain and finds that the relaxation time at the smallest length scale decreases rapidly with disorder, while the one determined by the global response of the system decreases more slowly. The authors argue that the observed dependence of relaxation on length scale originates from local nonresonant regions.