Ventilation Strategies for Mitigation of Infection Disease Transmission in an Indoor Environment: A Case Study in Office

Article Construction & Building Technology

Prediction and control of aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in ventilated context: from source to receptor

Chunwen Xu et al.

Summary: The global spread of COVID-19 poses a serious threat to human life and health. Research on aerosol transmission routes can help understand and improve ventilation system design to maximize control of epidemic risks.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

CFD modeling of airborne pathogen transmission of COVID-19 in confined spaces under different ventilation strategies

Hamid Motamedi et al.

Summary: Airborne transmission is a significant route for the spread of viral diseases, and computational fluid dynamics is a valuable tool to analyze the flow patterns in confined spaces. This study proposes a framework to evaluate infection probability based on both spatial and temporal parameters, using a CFD model to analyze different ventilation strategies in an office setting. Results indicate that single ventilation has the highest infection probability, with cross ventilation and mechanical ventilation leading to greater dispersion of airborne pathogens within the room.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2022)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

A practical approach for preventing dispersion of infection disease in naturally ventilated room

Chen Ren et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the airborne transmission of viruses has raised concerns. This study focuses on developing mitigation strategies for infection disease transmission in classrooms through optimal window design and the use of window-integrated fans. Numerical simulations show that redesigning window openings and incorporating fans can significantly improve airflow distribution and reduce infection risk.

JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Personalized ventilation solutions for reducing CO2 levels in the crew quarters of the International Space Station

Matei Razvan Georgescu et al.

Summary: This study examines the use of personalized ventilation (PV) systems on the International Space Station to enhance air quality for astronauts resting in the crew quarters. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations suggest that a lateral PV solution is more effective in reducing CO2 levels in the breathing zone, potentially improving air quality over extended periods of time.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Probable airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a poorly ventilated restaurant

Yuguo Li et al.

Summary: By analyzing a COVID-19 outbreak in a restaurant in Guangzhou, China, the study assessed the possibility of airborne transmission of the virus and characterized the associated environmental conditions. The findings suggest that airborne transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is possible in crowded spaces with a ventilation rate of 1 L/s per person.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Occupant-density-detection based energy efficient ventilation system: Prevention of infection transmission

Junqi Wang et al.

Summary: This study proposes a smart low-cost ventilation control strategy based on occupant density detection algorithm, which automatically adjusts ventilation rate to save energy and reduce infection transmission probability. Case studies show that the strategy can achieve 11.7% energy savings while lowering the infection probability to 2%.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Airborne dispersion of droplets during coughing: a physical model of viral transmission

Hongying Li et al.

Summary: The study suggests that larger droplets may have higher viral content and be more infectious. Wearing face masks is recommended to reduce transmission risk, while social distancing is effective at reducing potential transmission. Additionally, the presence of a human body 1 meter away can enhance downstream droplet dispersion, impacting safe distancing in queues.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Mitigating COVID-19 infection disease transmission in indoor environment using physical barriers

Chen Ren et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of barrier heights on reducing the spread of aerosol particles in an open office environment, finding that a barrier height of at least 60 cm is needed to effectively prevent virus transmission. For workstations within 4 meters from the outlet, a barrier height of 70 cm is recommended, with proper ventilation, the barriers can reduce the infection risk by 72%.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Removal of SARS-CoV-2 using UV+Filter in built environment

Zhuangbo Feng et al.

Summary: Air cleaning through UV+Filter system is proposed as an effective method to capture and deactivate airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols, however, designing it quantitatively poses challenges due to the complex characteristics of the aerosols and hybrid filtration/disinfection processes. Comparison of different air cleaning devices revealed that UV+Filter is the most reliable and safest, despite having the highest energy consumption. The newly proposed design method could provide essential tools for controlling airborne diseases.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

SARS-CoV-2 routes of transmission and recommendations for preventing acquisition: joint British Infection Association (BIA), Healthcare Infection Society (HIS), Infection Prevention Society (IPS) and Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) guidance

A. Bak et al.

JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Study on ventilation rates and assessment of infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building

Chunying Li et al.

Summary: A modified model combining airborne and close contact routes was proposed to predict the infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building in Shenzhen, China. Results showed that the design of the hospital street with improved natural ventilation significantly reduced the infection risk to a negligible level, providing real-time prediction of indoor infection risk and assisting in spread control of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING (2021)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Natural ventilation strategy and related issues to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) airborne transmission in a school building

Sowoo Park et al.

Summary: The World Health Organization warns of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in poorly ventilated indoor spaces. Ventilation plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of virus transmission. Studies show that opening windows can significantly increase ventilation rates, especially in public buildings and shared spaces.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Working from Home in Italy during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Survey to Assess the Indoor Environmental Quality and Productivity

Francesco Salamone et al.

Summary: A study conducted a survey on the indoor environmental quality of Italian employees when working from home, finding that most people were satisfied with the indoor environment but furniture layout negatively impacted the work experience. The study revealed that visual comfort is the most critical factor influencing productivity, and the Support Vector Machine classifier performed best in predicting overall satisfaction.

BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

Lin-Rui Jia et al.

Summary: The study suggests that the thermal comfort prediction model should consider factors such as genders, ages, and socioeconomic backgrounds, and that mixed-mode ventilation combining natural and mechanical approaches is preferred for its lower energy consumption and improved thermal comfort. Optimization of passive design parameters of buildings can significantly reduce ventilation demands while maintaining indoor thermal comfort.

BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Quarantine Hotels: The Adaptation of Hotels for Quarantine Use in Australia

Demet Dincer et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 crisis has led to spatial implications for social isolation and mandatory quarantine for travelers. Quarantine hotel users prioritize factors like operable windows, ventilation, and natural lighting for their well-being. There are concerns about guests being unwilling to return to hotels where they spent their quarantine, raising questions about the future of these facilities.

BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Numerical Investigation of Bioaerosol Transport in a Compact Lavatory

Jingyuan Wan et al.

Summary: The study reveals the rapid decay of fecal aerosols after flushing in environments where infectious diseases can spread through bioaerosols between users, while smaller aerosols tend to remain suspended in the air for longer periods. Additionally, in compact lavatories, surfaces such as the toilet seat, bowl, and nearby walls are the most easily contaminated by aerosol deposition.

BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

COVID-19: Research Directions for Non-Clinical Aerosol-Generating Facilities in the Built Environment

Roger C. K. Law et al.

Summary: The risk of aerosol transmission of COVID-19, especially in non-clinical facilities such as spa pools, has raised concerns. Current protective measures for these facilities need further improvement, and future research directions include developing bespoke personal protective equipment and engineering and management controls.

BUILDINGS (2021)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Performance evaluation of climate-adaptive natural ventilation design: A case study of semi-open public cultural building

Jing Qi et al.

Summary: Naturally ventilated buildings are more environmentally friendly compared to mechanically ventilated ones, but are often affected by extreme weather conditions. This paper proposes climate adaptive designs to address these issues, with satisfactory results obtained through CFD evaluation.

INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT (2021)

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Editorial Material Construction & Building Technology

The 2019-nCoV epidemic control strategies and future challenges of building healthy smart cities

Chunwen Xu et al.

INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Editorial Material Construction & Building Technology

New and emerging building ventilation technologies

Shi-Jie Cao et al.

INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

How can airborne transmission of COVID-19 indoors be minimised?

Lidia Morawska et al.

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

A comparative experimental investigation on radiant floor heating system and stratum ventilation

Han Li et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2020)

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Review Construction & Building Technology

A Review of High-Rise Ventilation for Energy Efficiency and Safety

Haohan Sha et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Implementation and visualization of artificial intelligent ventilation control system using fast prediction models and limited monitoring data

Chen Ren et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Evaluation of real-life demand-controlled ventilation from the perception of indoor air quality with probable implications

Zakia Afroz et al.

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS (2020)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Estimation of airborne viral emission: Quanta emission rate of SARS-CoV-2 for infection risk assessment

G. Buonanno et al.

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Reducing the exposure risk in hospital wards by applying stratum ventilation system

Yalin Lu et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Article Thermodynamics

Association of the infection probability of COVID-19 with ventilation rates in confined spaces

Hui Dai et al.

BUILDING SIMULATION (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

HVAC systems for environmental control to minimize the COVID-19 infection

Junwei Ding et al.

INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

The efficacy of social distance and ventilation effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 transmission

Chanjuan Sun et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2020)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Experimental study of local thermal comfort and ventilation performance for mixing, displacement and stratum ventilation in an office

Xue Tian et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2019)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

A newly developed electrostatic enhanced pleated air filters towards the improvement of energy and filtration efficiency

Zhuangbo Feng et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2019)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Development and application of linear ventilation and temperature models for indoor environmental prediction and HVAC systems control

Chen Ren et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2019)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Ventilation control strategy using low-dimensional linear ventilation models and artificial neural network

Shi-Jie Cao et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2018)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Experimental investigation into the interaction between the human body and room airflow and its effect on thermal comfort under stratum ventilation

Y. Cheng et al.

INDOOR AIR (2016)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI) of diffusers for heating mode

Shichao Liu et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2015)

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Protected zone ventilation and reduced personal exposure to airborne cross-infection

G. Cao et al.

INDOOR AIR (2015)

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Proceedings Paper Construction & Building Technology

Numerical Simulation of Coughed Droplets in the Air-Conditioning Room

Zhiqiang Kang et al.

9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (ISHVAC) JOINT WITH THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUILDING ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (COBEE) (2015)

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Article Construction & Building Technology