Radiological and clinical features of screening-detected pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVES: The current understanding of pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma is largely based on studies of advanced stage patients and data about early-stage invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma are sparse. We evaluated the radiological and clinical features of screening-detected early-stage invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (SD-IMA). METHODS: Data from 91 patients who underwent surgical treatment for SD-IMA (<= 3 cm) from 2013 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Data on radiological characteristics, clinicopathological findings, recurrence and survival were obtained. Disease-free survival rate was analysed. RESULTS: Radiologically, SD-IMAs presented as a pure ground-glass nodule (6.6%), part-solid nodule (38.5%) or solid (54.9%). Dominant locations were both lower lobes (74.7%) and peripheral area (93.4%). The sensitivity of percutaneous needle biopsy was 78.1% (25/32). Lobectomy was performed in 70 (76.9%) patients, and sublobar resection in 21 (23.1%) patients. Seventy-three (80.2%), 15 (16.5%) and 3 (3.3%) patients had pathological stage IA, IB and IIB or above, respectively. Seven patients developed recurrence, and 3 died due to disease progression. Pleural seeding developed exclusively in 2 patients who underwent needle biopsy. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 89.4%. The disease-free survival rates at 5 years were 86.3% in the lobectomy group and 100% in the sublobar resection group. CONCLUSIONS: SD-IMAs were mostly radiologically invasive nodules. SD-IMAs showed favourable prognosis after surgical treatment. Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), which accounts for 5% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas, has different characteristics than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) in terms of histology, genetics and clinical features.

Automated summary

The radiological and clinical features of screening-detected early-stage invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (SD-IMA) were evaluated in this study. SD-IMAs were mostly radiologically invasive nodules and showed favorable prognosis after surgical treatment.