Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.L012022
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11722328, 11851305, 12003069, 11947302, 11690022, 11851302, 11675243, 11761141011]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC2121 Quantum Universe [390833306]
- Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDPB15]
- Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in Jiangsu
- Strategic Priority Research Program and Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB21010200, XDB23010000, ZDBS-LY-7003]
- CAS project for Young Scientists in Basic Research [YSBR-006]
- ARC [CE170100004]
- Entrepreneurship and Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province
- U.S. Department of Energy [DESC0009959]
- ARC Future Fellowship [FT190100155]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Award - Australian Government [DE210101738]
- Commonwealth Government
- Australian Research Council [DE210101738] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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The nature of dark matter remains unclear despite years of experimental efforts, making detection extremely challenging. Ultra-light dark matter, proposed to reconcile observational discrepancies, behaves as a coherently oscillating background field due to its large de Broglie wavelength and local occupation number within galaxies. Although no significant signal was found in this study, constraints on coupling constants for dark photon dark matter were established.
The nature of dark matter remains obscure in spite of decades of experimental efforts. The mass of dark matter candidates can span a wide range, and its coupling with the Standard Model sector remains uncertain. All these unknowns make the detection of dark matter extremely challenging. Ultralight dark matter, with m similar to 10-22 eV, is proposed to reconcile the disagreements between observations and predictions from simulations of small-scale structures in the cold dark matter paradigm while remaining consistent with other observations. Because of its large de Broglie wavelength and large local occupation number within galaxies, ultralight dark matter behaves like a coherently oscillating background field with an oscillating frequency dependent on its mass. If the dark matter particle is a spin-1 dark photon, such as the U (1)(B) or U(1)(B-L) gauge boson, it can induce an external oscillating force and lead to displacements of test masses. Such an effect would be observable in the form of periodic variations in the arrival times of radio pulses from highly stable millisecond pulsars. In this study, we search for evidence of ultralight dark photon dark matter (DPDM) using 14-year high-precision observations of 26 pulsars collected with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. While no statistically significant signal is found, we place constraints on coupling constants for the U (1)(B) and U(1)(B-L) DPDM. Compared with other experiments, the limits on the dimensionless coupling constant e achieved in our study are improved by up to two orders of magnitude when the dark photon mass is smaller than 3 x 10(-22) eV (10(-22) eV) for the U (1)(B) (U(1)(B-L)) scenario.
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