Strontium Isotope Systematics of Tenerife Wines (Canary Islands): Tracing Provenance in Ocean Island Terroir

The production of fraudulent goods remains widespread and economically damaging. The high value of the wine industry makes it particularly vulnerable, and a number of geochemical methods have been developed to ensure traceability and identification of origin. Here, strontium (Sr) isotope data on wines from five defined regions in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) show that the young volcanic geology imparts a clearly identifiable low Sr-87/Sr-86 signature (<0.7072). These values discriminate Tenerife wines from mainland Spanish and continental European produce, as these are much more radiogenic in general. However, unlike continental wine regions, wines from Tenerife show small but ubiquitous enrichments in Sr-87/Sr-86 above what is expected in the soils. Bentonite addition has not affected the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr signatures, with white wines at lower Sr concentrations than red wines in all regions. A number of natural contributions to the terroir are evaluated in relation to Tenerife's unique combination of geology and geography. Atmospheric precipitation (rainfall) is likely a dominant influence on Sr isotope systematics in northern DenominaciOn de Origen regions, and evaporation may play a role in buffering signatures in southern regions. Other natural additions of Sr-87 are not precluded at a local scale, given the large range in climatic conditions of island terroir and known input of mineral dust from Africa. Despite natural explanations affecting the overall small shift observed, there are clear outliers with considerably higher Sr-87/Sr-86 and Sr concentration. This confirms the utility of Sr isotope systematics for oceanic-island viticulture and demonstrates the use of young volcanic soils for tracing natural inputs that may be masked in other regions.

Automated summary

The production of fraudulent goods is a widespread issue with economic consequences. Geochemical methods, particularly utilizing strontium isotope data, have been developed to ensure traceability and identification of origin in the wine industry. Natural factors such as atmospheric precipitation and evaporation play a significant role in influencing the Sr isotope systematics in wines from Tenerife, with minor enrichments in Sr-87/Sr-86 observed.