Journal
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
Volume 51, Issue 15, Pages 5834-5840Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00780k
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Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi [DST/TMD/MES/2K17/78]
- SERB [EMR/2016/006840]
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This study successfully synthesized a Na3Fe2PO4(SO4)(2) material in a NASICON framework structure and investigated its performance as a cathode for sodium-ion batteries. The experimental results demonstrate that the battery shows good cycling stability and high columbic efficiency in the voltage range of 2-4.2 V.
The cost-effective and abundant availability of sodium offers an opportunity for rechargeable Na-ion batteries as an ideal replacement for rechargeable Li-ion batteries. However, the larger size and strong Na+-Na+ interaction create multidimensional phase instability and transformation problems, especially in layer-structured NaxMO2 (Mn, Co, Fe, and Ni) that inhibit the direct transformation of rechargeable Li-ion battery technology to Na-ion batteries. However, framework structures offer superior structural stability due to the interconnection of polyanions or polyhedra forming cationic octahedra. Sodium superionic conductor (NASICON)-type structures are well known for their superior Na+ ion transport and are identified as intercalative hosts as electrodes for rechargeable Na-ion batteries. Here, we report the synthesis of Na3Fe2PO4(SO4)(2) in a NASICON framework structure and its investigation as a cathode in a Na/Na3Fe2PO4(SO4)(2) cell working on the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple. The cell provides a single-phase reaction having a capacity approaching 70 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 C after 50 cycles in the voltage range of 2 to 4.2 V, with a columbic efficiency approaching 100%. The large availability of Na and Fe with the stable redox and charge/discharge performance of NASICON-type Na3Fe2PO4(SO4)(2) make it a possible cathode candidate for next-generation rechargeable sodium-ion batteries.
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