Room temperature doping of Ln3+ in perovskite nanoparticles: a halide exchange mediated cation exchange approach

This study presents a halide exchange mediated cation exchange strategy for a room temperature doping of trivalent lanthanide cations (Ln(3+)) in cesium lead halide (CsPbX3) nanoparticles (NPs). Post-synthetic addition of LnCl(3) [Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, and Yb] to a solution of CsPbBr3 NPs generates the corresponding lanthanide doped NPs which display host sensitized Ln(3+) emission. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations indicate a successful halide exchange and substitutional displacement of Pb2+ by Ln(3+). The effect of halide identity in controlling the Ln(3+) sensitization was also evaluated. A photophysical framework is presented that can be used to predict the Ln(3+) sensitization in perovskite NPs semiempirically, thereby removing the constraints of trial and error in designing a perovskite NP-Ln(3+) host-guest combination.

Automated summary

This study presents a halide exchange mediated cation exchange strategy for doping trivalent lanthanide cations into cesium lead halide nanoparticles at room temperature. The method allows for sensitized Ln(3+) emission in the doped nanoparticles and provides a photophysical framework for predicting sensitization effects, removing the need for trial and error in designing nanoparticle-host combinations.