Robotic Pill for Biomarker and Fluid Sampling in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Developing on-site biomarker enrichment platforms could help to improve the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases at early stages. Medical procedures, such as colonoscopies and imaging techniques, are used to diagnose a disease, but are not easily accessible for repeat measurements. In contrast, liquid biopsies, e.g., blood, urine, or fecal samples, have become important sampling strategies to identify health concerns. Herein, a robotic pill is designed for collecting relevant biomarkers from the GI tract over prolonged sampling periods. The robotic pill is comprised of a magnetic core for locomotion, a delayed gate mechanism that controls sampling location based on changes in its environment, and an enrichment module that traps biomarkers in an absorbent matrix while enabling biofluid to pass through the chamber. The robotic pill was assessed to sample microparticles, proteins, and bacteria from the solution. Moreover, the robotic pill was capable of directed locomotion in complex environments and docking in a targeted region against fluid flow. The utilization of an untethered robotic sampling system could provide a tool to investigate aspects of disease initiation and progression for early diagnosis and therapy monitoring. A preprint version of the article can be found at: .

Automated summary

Developing on-site biomarker enrichment platforms can improve the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases. A robotic pill is designed to collect biomarkers from the GI tract over prolonged periods, utilizing a magnetic core for locomotion, a delayed gate mechanism for sampling control, and an enrichment module for trapping biomarkers while allowing biofluid to pass through. The robotic pill demonstrated the ability to sample microparticles, proteins, and bacteria, as well as directed locomotion and docking in a targeted region against fluid flow.