Turning Natural Herbaceous Fibers into Advanced Materials for Sustainability

Considering the growing concerns about natural resource depletion, energy inequality, and climate crises, biomass-derived materials-the most abundant organic matter on the planet-have received a lot of attention as a potential alternative to petroleum-based plastics. Herbaceous biomasses and extracted cellulose have recently been extensively used in the development of high-performance and multifunctional materials. Herbaceous biomass has sparked interest due to its species diversity, abundance, low cost, lightweight, and sustainability. This review discusses the structure versus property relationships of various sources of herbaceous biomasses (e.g., sugarcane, straw, and bamboo) and their extracted biomaterials, as well as the latest emerging applications from macro- and microscales to nanoscales. High-strength structural materials, porous carbon materials, multichannel materials, and flexible materials are examples of these applications, which include sustainable electronics, environmentally friendly energy harvesting, smart materials, and biodegradable structural buildings.

Automated summary

Considering the concerns about natural resource depletion and climate crises, biomass-derived materials have been attracting attention as potential alternatives to petroleum-based plastics. This review discusses the structure-property relationships of herbaceous biomasses and their extracted biomaterials, as well as the latest applications at various scales. These applications include high-strength structural materials, porous carbon materials, multichannel materials, and flexible materials, for sustainable electronics, energy harvesting, smart materials, and biodegradable structural buildings.