Journal
GENOME BIOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02674-2
Keywords
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [.20-14-00121]
- SFIHRB-Wellcome Trust Biomedical Research Partnership (Investigator in Science award)
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science) [18/CRT/6214]
- Russian Science Foundation [20-14-00121] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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Recent studies have found extensive protein translation occurring outside of annotated protein coding regions. This non-canonical translation is mainly due to the presence of multiple start codons within the same RNA. Non-AUG initiation plays a ubiquitous role in shaping the dynamic composition of mammalian proteomes.
Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions of mRNAs. This non-canonical translation is largely due to start codon plurality within the same RNA. This plurality is often due to the failure of some scanning ribosomes to recognize potential start codons leading to initiation downstream-a process termed leaky scanning. Codons other than AUG (non-AUG) are particularly leaky due to their inefficiency. Here we discuss our current understanding of non-AUG initiation. We argue for a near-ubiquitous role of non-AUG initiation in shaping the dynamic composition of mammalian proteomes.
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