Journal
MATERIALS & DESIGN
Volume 98, Issue -, Pages 88-97Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.03.011
Keywords
Nitrogen loss; TIG welding; Multipass welding; Ferrite content; Thermodynamical calculation; Super duplex stainless steel
Categories
Funding
- KK Foundation for the DuplexWeld project [2014-01910]
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Nitrogen loss is an imporant phenomenon in welding of super duplex stainless steels. In this study, a super duplex stainless steel was autogenously TIC-welded with one to four bead-on-plate passes with low or high heat inputs using pure argon shielding gas. The goal was to monitor nitrogen content and microstructure for each weld pass. Nitrogen content, measured by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry, was after four passes reduced from 0.23 wt% in the base metal to 0.17 wt% and 0.10 wt%, in low and high heat input samples, respectively. Nitrogen loss resulted in a more ferritic structure with larger grains and nitride precipitates. The ferrite grain width markedly increased with increasing number of passes and heat input. Ferrite content increased from 55% in base metal to 75% at low and 79 at high heat inputs after four passes. An increasing amount of nitrides were seen with increasing number of weld passes. An equation was suggested for calculation of the final nitrogen content of the weld metal as functions of initial nitrogen content and arc energy. Acceptable ferrite contents were seen for one or two passes. The recommendation is to use nitrogen in shielding gas and proper filler metals. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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