Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume 105, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.053516
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFA0304201, 2017YFA0304203]
- Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team University of Ministry of Education of China [IRT_17R70, 1331KSC]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11975098, 11974117, 11904104, 61835007, 12120101004, 62175136]
- Municipal Science and Technology Major Project of Shanghai, China [2019SHDZX01]
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The experimental observation of partial PT symmetry in a cesium atomic gas coupled with laser fields is reported, and the transition of partial PT symmetry is observed by changing the beam-waist ratio. A technique to precisely determine the exceptional point location of the partial PT symmetry breaking is developed.
Realizing and manipulating parity-time (PT) symmetry in multidimensional systems are highly desirable for the exploration of nontrivial physics and the discovery of exotic phenomena in non-Hermitian systems. Finding non-Hermitian systems that still have all-real spectra even if their Hamiltonians possess only partial PT symmetry has also attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Here, we report the experimental observation of partial PT symmetry in a cesium atomic gas coupled with laser fields, where a two-dimensional partially PT-symmetric optical potential for a probe laser beam is created. A transition of the partial PT symmetry from an unbroken phase to a broken one is observed through changing the beam-waist ratio of the control and probe laser beams, and the domains of unbroken, broken, and nonpartial PT phases are also discriminated unambiguously. Moreover, we develop a technique to precisely determine the exceptional point location of the partial PT symmetry breaking by measuring the asymmetry degree of the probe-beam intensity distribution. The findings reported here pave the way for controlling multidimensional laser beams in non-Hermitian systems via laser-induced atomic coherence, and have potential applications for designing light amplifiers and attenuators in different parts of laser beams.
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