A lamellar V2O3@C composite for aluminium-ion batteries displaying long cycle life and low-temperature tolerance

Rechargeable aluminum-ion (Al-ion) batteries have important potential for fast charging and safe energy-storage systems. Here, we develop a composite composed of lamellar V2O3@C nanosheets, which displays high electrochemical properties as an Al-ion battery cathode. The unique structure is conducive to the rapid insertion and release of Al3+ ions, electrolyte infiltration, and improved conductivity. After cycling 500 times, the capacity exceeds 242.5 mA h g(-1). Under a low temperature of -10 degrees C, the capacity remains 150.8 mA h g(-1), and the Coulombic efficiency is higher than 98.8%. The V2O3@C also exhibits a good reversibility verified by using ex situ X-ray powder diffraction patterns, while the constant current intermittent titration technology shows a low reaction barrier, which indicates that the lamellar composite presented here could find significant applications for engineering many high-performance energy-storage systems.

Automated summary

In this study, a lamellar V2O3@C nanosheet composite was developed as an Al-ion battery cathode, exhibiting excellent electrochemical properties. The unique structure allows for rapid insertion and release of Al3+ ions, electrolyte infiltration, and improved conductivity. After 500 cycles, the capacity remains high and maintains good performance even at low temperatures. The reversible behavior and low reaction barrier make this lamellar composite a promising candidate for high-performance energy storage systems.