4.2 Article

Multistable excitonic Stark effect

Journal

PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages -

Publisher

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.023168

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Ministry of Ed-ucation, Singapore under its MOE AcRF 3 Award [MOE2018-T3-1-002]
  2. Nanyang Technological University start-up grant (NTU-SUG)
  3. Villum Foundation
  4. European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [678862]
  5. European Research Council (ERC) [678862] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)

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The article introduces the nonlinear nature of the excitonic Stark effect, known as multistable Stark effect (MSE), in a nanophotonic cavity. The MSE arises from the feedback between the cavity mode and excitonic population, and can even occur at very low exciton concentrations.
The optical Stark effect is a tell-tale signature of coherent light-matter interaction in excitonic systems, wherein an irradiating light beam tunes exciton transition frequencies. Here we show that, when excitons are placed in a nanophotonic cavity, the excitonic Stark effect can become highly nonlinear, exhibiting multivalued and hysteretic Stark shifts that depend on the history of the irradiating light. This multistable Stark effect (MSE) arises from feedback between the cavity mode occupation and excitonic population mediated by the Stark-induced mutual tuning of the cavity and excitonic resonances. Strikingly, the MSE manifests even for very dilute exciton concentrations and can yield discontinuous Stark shift jumps of order meV. We expect that the MSE can be realized in readily available transition metal dichalcogenide excitonic systems placed in planar photonic cavities at modest pump intensities. This phenomenon can provide new means to engineer coupled states of light and matter that can persist even in the single exciton limit.

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