Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 105, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.105.144202
Keywords
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Funding
- EPSRC [EP/T518062/1, EP/P010180/1]
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [853368]
- European Research Council (ERC) [853368] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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We analyze the generation and destruction of entanglement in a one-dimensional quantum spin chain under locally noisy and disordered Hamiltonian using the concept of a measurement-induced entanglement transition. By continuously measuring the system, we induce a transition from volume to area-law scaling of the steady-state entanglement entropy. The critical measurement strength is systematically reduced by static background disorder, but the dependence on the strength of nonstatic noise is nonmonotonic. According to the extracted finite-size scaling exponents, the universality class of the transition is independent of the noise and disorder strength.
We utilize the concept of a measurement-induced entanglement transition to analyze the interplay and competition of processes that generate and destroy entanglement in a one-dimensional quantum spin chain evolving under a locally noisy and disordered Hamiltonian. We employ continuous measurements of variable strength to induce a transition from volume to area-law scaling of the steady-state entanglement entropy. While static background disorder systematically reduces the critical measurement strength, this critical value depends nonmonotonically on the strength of nonstatic noise. According to the extracted finite-size scaling exponents, the universality class of the transition is independent of the noise and disorder strength. We interpret the results in terms of the effect of static and nonstatic disorder on the intricate dynamics of the entanglement generation rate due to the Hamiltonian in the absence of measurement, which is fully reflected in the behavior of the critical measurement strength. Our results establish a firm connection between this entanglement growth and the steady-state behavior of the measurement-controlled systems, which therefore can serve as a tool to quantify and investigate features of transient entanglement dynamics in complex many-body systems via a steady-state phase transition.
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