Journal
REDOX BIOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages 244-253Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.08.015
Keywords
Oxidative stress; Hydrogen peroxide; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Calcification; Runx2
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [HL092215, DK100847]
- Veterans Administration [BX000369, BX001591]
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Oxidative stress represents excessive intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Besides having a critical impact on the development and progression of vascular pathologies including atherosclerosis and diabetic vasculopathy, oxidative stress also regulates physiological signaling processes. As a cell permeable ROS generated by cellular metabolism involved in intracellular signaling, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exerts tremendous impact on cardiovascular pathophysiology. Under pathological conditions, increased oxidase activities and/or impaired antioxidant systems results in uncontrolled production of ROS. In a pro-oxidant environment, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) undergo phenotypic changes which can lead to the development of vascular dysfunction such as vascular inflammation and calcification. Investigations are ongoing to elucidate the mechanisms for cardiovascular disorders induced by oxidative stress. This review mainly focuses on the role of H2O2 in regulating physiological and pathological signals in VSMC. (C) 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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