Research Progress of LiTi2(PO4)(3) Anode for Aqueous Lithium-ion Batteries

As green rechargeable batteries, lithium-ion batteries feature high energy and power density. However, commonly-used electrolytes, organic compounds, in commercially available lithium-ion batteries are flammable and toxic, which leaves them at the risk of combustion and explosion when being overcharged or short-circuited. In order to solve this problem, much attention has been paid to lithium-ion batteries with aqueous electrolytes, which take low-toxicity and high safety as the prominent advantages. The working voltage, 1.5-2.0 V, indicates their usage mainly in the field of energy storage. Considering the hydrogen and oxygen evolution, conventional anode materials used in commercially available lithium-ion batteries are inconformity for water-based lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the key to the development of aqueous lithium-ion batteries lies in the selection of anodes. The anode material, LiTi2(PO4)(3), has drawn the attention of researchers due to its advantages such as three-dimensional channel, and appropriate lithium-ion intercalation potential. The synthesis methods of LiTi2(PO4)(3) mainly include high temperature solid-phase calcination, Sol-Gel methods and hydrothermal reaction, etc. To further improve the electrochemical performance of LiTi2(PO4)(3), strategies can be used such as particle nanocrystallization, morphology control, element doping, and carbon-coating, etc. This review focuses on the synthesis and modification of LiTi2(PO4)(3), as well as related research progress. At last, the future development of LiTi2(PO4)(3) as anode material for lithium-ion battery is properly prospected.

Automated summary

Lithium-ion batteries, known for their high energy and power density, often use flammable and toxic organic electrolytes. To address this safety issue, lithium-ion batteries with aqueous electrolytes have drawn much attention. The selection of anodes is crucial for the development of aqueous lithium-ion batteries, with LiTi2(PO4)(3) being a promising material. This review focuses on the synthesis, modification, and research progress of LiTi2(PO4)(3), as well as prospects for its future development as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.