Journal
ONCOIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1251539
Keywords
CAR-T cell; Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR); gastrointestinal cancer; hepatic carcinoma; immunotherapy
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012CB932503]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81272317, 81172864, 81502469]
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The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a genetically engineered receptor that combines a scFv domain, which specifically recognizes the tumor-specific antigen, with T cell activation domains. CAR-T cell therapies have demonstrated tremendous efficacy against hematologic malignancies inmany clinical trials. Recent studies have extended these efforts to the treatment of solid tumors. However, the outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors are not as remarkable as the outcomes have been for hematologic malignancies. A series of hurdles has arisen with respect to CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy, which needs to be overcome to target solid tumors. The major challenge for CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors is the selection of the appropriate specific antigen to demarcate the tumor from normal tissue. In this review, we discuss the application of CAR-T cells to gastrointestinal and hepatic carcinomas in preclinical and clinical research. Furthermore, we analyze the usefulness of several specific markers in the study of gastrointestinal tumors and hepatic carcinoma.
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