4.8 Review

First-principles design of spintronics materials

Journal

NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
Volume 3, Issue 3, Pages 365-381

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nww026

Keywords

spintronics; antiferromagnetic spintronics; half metals; magnetic semiconductors; topological insulators

Funding

  1. National Key Basic Research Program [2011CB921404]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21421063, 91021004, 21233007]
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB01020300]
  4. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2060030023]

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Spintronics is one of the most promising next generation information technology, which uses the spins of electrons as information carriers and possesses potential advantages of speeding up data processing, high circuit integration density, and low energy consumption. However, spintronics faces a number of challenges, including spin generation and injection, long distance spin transport, and manipulation and detection of spin orientation. In solving these issues, new concepts and spintronics materials were proposed one after another, such as half metals, spin gapless semiconductors, and bipolar magnetic semiconductors. Topological insulators can also be viewed as a special class of spintronics materials, with their surface states used for pure spin generation and transportation. In designing these spintronics materials, first-principles calculations play a very important role. This article attempts to give a brief review of the basic principles and theoretical design of these materials. Meanwhile, we also give some attentions to the antiferromagnetic spintronics, which is mainly based on antiferromagnets and has aroused much interest in recent years.

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