Journal
IEEE ACCESS
Volume 4, Issue -, Pages 5673-5686Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2598719
Keywords
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs); energy-efficient routing protocol; internet of things
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Funding
- Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China [2013DFM10100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61374148]
- Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education Program of China [Y201432642]
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Due to a battery constraint in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), prolonging their lifetime is important. Energy-efficient routing techniques for WSNs play a great role in doing so. In this paper, we articulate this problem and classify current routing protocols for WSNs into two categories according to their orientation toward either homogeneous or heterogeneous WSNs. They are further classified into static and mobile ones. We give an overview of these protocols in each category by summarizing their characteristics, limitations, and applications. Finally, some open issues in energy-efficient routing protocol design for WSNs are indicated.
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